Cancer mortality in workers at risk of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in a company in the nuclear sector headquarters in São Paulo.

OBJECTIVE: To compare cancer mortality among workers exposed to gamma and X radiation and the general population of the city of São Paulo, as well as that of the subgroup monitored with those not monitored for gamma and X radiation in a work unit with ionizing radiation based in the city of São Paulo. METHODS: Between 2016 and 2021, a retrospective open cohort study was carried out with workers who were employed from 08/31/1956 to 12/31/2016 based on data collected at the company and in official institutions. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated by sex, age and calendar period of cancers grouped according to type, risk factor and organ system in two analyses: in the external analysis, the mortality of the study population was compared with that of the general population of the city of São Paulo; In the internal analysis, the mortality of the monitored subgroup was compared with that of the subgroup not monitored for gamma and X radiation. RESULTS: The external mortality analysis showed SMR=0.224 (95%CI 0.208-0.240) and the healthy worker effect, while the internal mortality analysis showed SMR=0.685 (95%CI 0.618-0.758). CONCLUSION: This study showed lower cancer mortality among exposed workers when compared to mortality in the general population and the healthy worker effect. Among workers monitored for gamma and X radiation, cancer mortality was lower when compared to those not monitored.

Exploring the interplay of frailty, physical function, physical activity, nutritional status, and their association with quality of life and depressive symptoms in older adults with the frailty phenotype.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the interplay between frailty, physical function, physical activity, nutritional status, and their impact on the quality of life and depressive status in older adults with frailty. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 235 pre-frail/frail older adults residing in Spanish communities was conducted. Frailty was assessed using Fried's criteria, physical function was evaluated using the Short Physical Performance Battery, and physical activity levels were measured via wrist-worn accelerometers. Nutritional status was determined using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment alongside anthropometric measurements. Quality of life was gauged using the EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level, while depressive status was assessed using the Yesavage 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression analyses were employed to elucidate the associations of these factors with quality of life and depression. RESULTS: Our findings revealed significant correlations between various factors and quality of life. Notably, reported fatigue (ß = -0.276, p = 0.002), performance in the 4-m gait test (ß = -0.242, p = 0.001), the score on the short version of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (ß = 0.312, p = 0.002), and engagement in light physical activity (ß = 0.180, p = 0.023) were all found to be associated with quality of life. In terms of depressive symptoms, the Mini-Nutritional Assessment score emerged as a protective factor (Odds ratio, OR: 0.812, p < 0.001), as did participation in moderate physical activity (OR: 0.988, p = 0.028). Conversely, fatigue (OR: 3.277, p = 0.003) and a slow gait speed (OR: 1.136, p = 0.045) were identified as risk factors for depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the detrimental association of fatigue and slow gait speed on both quality of life and depressive status among older adults with frailty. In contrast, engaging in physical activity and addressing malnutrition risk emerge as critical protective factors for enhancing quality of life and ameliorating depressive symptoms in this population. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: This is a study that uses cross-sectional data from a trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05610605).

Occupational therapy in the management of haemophilia patients: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Haemophilia is a haematological disease, although most haemorrhages occur in the locomotor system. Patients are physically disabled from an early age and have a poorer perception of quality of life. In the day-to-day lives of patients and their families, psychosocial well-being, the disease's physical, personal, and social impact, as well as work-related problems are the most complicated aspects of the disease that need to be addressed. OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of occupational therapy in managing patients with haemophilia and to analyse the therapeutic potential of occupational therapy in treating these patients. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted to identify the role of occupational therapy in managing patients with haemophilia and to analyse the therapeutic potential of occupational therapy in treating these patients. The review was registered in the international registry PROSPERO (Id: CRD42022319637). The databases consulted were SCOPUS, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Science Direct, including all studies published until 14 August 2023. RESULTS: No single study was found that specifically developed an occupational therapy intervention for patients with haemophilia. Measurement instruments have been identified, specific for patients with haemophilia and generic, that can be useful for the functional evaluation of these patients in the occupational therapy approach. Different studies showed the importance of multidisciplinary treatment, including occupational therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The use of occupational therapy could be effective in improving autonomy and quality of life in haemophilia patients. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to conduct research studies within the field of occupational therapy.

Cancer mortality in workers at risk of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in a company in the nuclear sector headquarters in São Paulo / Mortalidade por câncer em trabalhadores com risco de exposição ocupacional à radiação ionizante em empresa do setor nuclear sediada em São Paulo

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare cancer mortality among workers exposed to gamma and X radiation and the general population of the city of São Paulo, as well as that of the subgroup monitored with those not monitored for gamma and X radiation in a work unit with ionizing radiation based in the city of São Paulo. Methods: Between 2016 and 2021, a retrospective open cohort study was carried out with workers who were employed from 08/31/1956 to 12/31/2016 based on data collected at the company and in official institutions. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated by sex, age and calendar period of cancers grouped according to type, risk factor and organ system in two analyses: in the external analysis, the mortality of the study population was compared with that of the general population of the city of São Paulo; In the internal analysis, the mortality of the monitored subgroup was compared with that of the subgroup not monitored for gamma and X radiation. Results: The external mortality analysis showed SMR=0.224 (95%CI 0.208-0.240) and the healthy worker effect, while the internal mortality analysis showed SMR=0.685 (95%CI 0.618-0.758). Conclusion: This study showed lower cancer mortality among exposed workers when compared to mortality in the general population and the healthy worker effect. Among workers monitored for gamma and X radiation, cancer mortality was lower when compared to those not monitored.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a mortalidade por câncer entre trabalhadores expostos à radiação gama e X e a população geral do município de São Paulo, bem como a do subgrupo monitorado com o não monitorado para radiação gama e X em uma unidade de trabalho sediada no município de São Paulo. Métodos: Entre 2016 e 2021 foi realizado estudo de coorte aberta retrospectiva com trabalhadores que tiveram vínculo empregatício desde 31/08/1956 até 31/12/2016 a partir de dados coletados na empresa e em instituições oficiais. Foram calculadas as razões de mortalidade padronizadas (RMP) por sexo, idade e período calendário de cânceres agrupados segundo o tipo, o fator de risco e o sistema orgânico em duas análises: na análise externa, comparou-se a mortalidade da população de estudo com a da população geral do município de São Paulo; já na análise interna, comparou-se a mortalidade do subgrupo monitorado com a do subgrupo não monitorado para radiação gama e X. Resultados: A análise externa de mortalidade mostrou RMP=0,224 (IC95% 0,208-0,240) e o efeito do trabalhador sadio, enquanto a análise interna de mortalidade mostrou RMP = 0,685 (IC95% 0,618-0,758). Conclusão: Este estudo mostrou menor mortalidade por câncer entre os trabalhadores expostos quando comparada com a mortalidade da população geral e o efeito do trabalhador sadio. Entre os trabalhadores monitorados para radiação gama e X, a mortalidade por câncer foi menor quando comparada com a dos não monitorados.

Psychometric Properties of an Instrument for Assessing University Administrators' Knowledge on Gender-Based Violence.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the factorial structure of the instrument measuring university administrators' knowledge of gender-based violence. METHODS: This cross-sectional methodological study was conducted from August to November 2020 with 101 university administrators. Data on demographic and functional characteristics were collected, and the "QUEST VBG UNIV" instrument was applied. Descriptive analysis was performed, the structure of the questionnaire was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the stability of the factors was verified through ORION and FDI tests. RESULTS: Of the original 38 items across the 4 sections of the questionnaire, 19 were retained within 2 factors, with appropriate factor loadings. Factor 1 had an explained variance of 15.69%, and Factor 2 had an explained variance of 9.10%. The reliability was deemed satisfactory (ORION > 0.900, FDI > 0.900). CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire presented a valid and reliable factorial structure for measuring knowledge about gender-based violence, thereby representing a suitable option for situational assessments in universities.

Does Tension Headache Have a Central or Peripheral Origin? Current State of Affairs.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this narrative review is to analyze the evidence about a peripheral or central origin of a tension headache attack in order to provide a further clarification for an appropriate approach. RECENT FINDINGS: Tension headache is a complex and multifactorial pathology, in which both peripheral and central factors could play an important role in the initiation of an attack. Although the exact origin of a tension headache attack has not been conclusively established, correlations have been identified between certain structural parameters of the craniomandibular region and craniocervical muscle activity. Future research should focus on improving our understanding of the pathology with the ultimate goal of improving diagnosis. The pathogenesis of tension-type headache involves both central and peripheral mechanisms, being the perpetuation over time of the headache attacks what would favor the evolution of an episodic tension-type headache to a chronic tension-type headache. The unresolved question is what factors would be involved in the initial activation in a tension headache attack. The evidence that favors a peripheral origin of the tension headache attacks, that is, the initial events occur outside the brain barrier, which suggests the action of vascular and musculoskeletal factors at the beginning of a tension headache attack, factors that would favor the sensitization of the peripheral nervous system as a result of sustained sensory input.

Comprometimento da Capacidade para o Trabalho e efeitos neuropsicológicos entre trabalhadores com Covid-19 prévia / Impairment of Work Ability and neuropsychological effects among workers who have had COVID-19

RESUMO A Covid-19 é uma doença multissistêmica e consequências funcionais e tardias estão em estudo. Sequelas psicológicas e neurocognitivas podem comprometer a Capacidade para o Trabalho (CT) dos trabalhadores. Objetivou-se investigar a CT de pessoas previamente infectadas pelo Sars-CoV-2, correlacionando-a com avaliação da sonolência, ansiedade, depressão e fadiga. Estudo transversal, com trabalhadores diagnosticados com Covid-19 e em acompanhamento no Serviço de Neurologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). Aplicou-se o instrumento Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), um formulário com dados sociodemográficos e ocupacionais, bem como escalas de sonolência, ansiedade, depressão e fadiga. Dos 119 trabalhadores que participaram do estudo, mais da metade apresentaram comprometimento da CT (52,9%). Distúrbio emocional foi o agravo relatado mais frequente (31,9%). A regressão logística múltipla mostrou que a interação entre ansiedade e sonolência esteve associada ao comprometimento da CT (OR=4,50 com p=0,002). Ansiedade e sonolência foram alterações tardias da Covid-19 e associadas ao comprometimento da CT dos trabalhadores avaliados. Este estudo demonstra a necessidade de que todos os trabalhadores com teste positivo por Covid-19 tenham sua CT avaliada por ocasião do retorno ao trabalho. Ações de promoção à saúde, reabilitação funcional e adaptação do trabalho de acordo com as sequelas apresentadas pelos trabalhadores.

ABSTRACT COVID-19 is a multisystemic disease, with functional and late consequences still under study. Psychological and neurocognitive sequelae impact workers' quality of life and may compromise the Work Ability (WA). The objective was to investigate the WA of people infected with SARS-CoV-2, correlating it with the assessment of sleepiness, anxiety, depression and fatigue. Cross-sectional study, involving workers diagnosed with COVID-19 under follow-up at the Department of Neurology of Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Application of the Work Ability Index (WAI) analyzed with sociodemographic and occupational variables, as well the sleepiness, anxiety, depression and fatigue scales. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. 119 workers participated in the study and, among them, more than half had WA impairment (52.9%). Emotional disorders were the most frequent reported problem (31.9%). Multiple logistic regression showed that the interaction between anxiety and sleepiness was associated with WA impairment (OR=4.50, p=0.002). Anxiety and sleepiness were associated with previous COVID-19 and they were associated with WA impairment among workers. This study shows the WA evaluation should be provided for all workers with a previous history of COVID-19, when they return to work. This assessment can guide health promotion actions, functional rehabilitation and work adaptation to the sequelae presented by workers, singularly.

Return to work after sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorder or injury: a longitudinal study conducted in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders and injuries (MSDI) are conditions that affect the locomotor system characterized by pain and impairment of functionality. They are the leading cause of years lived with disability. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the return to work (RTW) among workers on sick leave due to MSDI.   METHODS: A longitudinal study was conducted in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2020-2022. The participants were 216 workers who required social security compensation due to MSDI. They filled out online questionnaires about their sociodemographic characteristics, health risk behaviors, work characteristics and health conditions. They were followed for 365 days after their first day of sick leave. A Cox regression was performed to identify the factors that influenced their first RTW. RESULTS: Most participants were male (53.0%), mean age was 39.5 years (SD 10.6), 70.4% returned to work within the one-year follow-up period. The mean duration of sick leave was 192.6 days. Factors associated with a lower RTW were age 40 years and older (HR 0.54; 95%CI 0.39-0.76) and the interaction between perceptions of the need for improvement in the physical and psychological domains of quality of life (HR 0.67; 95%CI 0.48-0.94). CONCLUSIONS: Occupational healthcare professionals should pay greater attention to patients who are aging and those with perceived worse physical and psychological conditions, in order to facilitate the reintegration process and promote sustained RTW after sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorder or injury.

Potential Role of Occupational Therapist Intervention in Elementary School for Children with Additional Support Needs: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: The main activity children engage with is learning through play or formal education. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the role of occupational therapy in the school setting for children with additional support needs or disabilities. (2) Method: We conducted a systematic review using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CDR42022314271). The search was performed in the following databases: ERIC, Dialnet Plus, PubMed, OTseeker, Cochrane, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. (3) Results: In total, 1954 studies were identified, from which 18 articles were selected. These studies were heterogeneous and showed different types of intervention of the occupational therapist in school environments. (4) Conclusions: The main conclusions highlighted the effectiveness of the occupational therapist within the school environment, the importance of an interdisciplinary team to cover the special needs students within the school and the need for intrinsic motivation for an active and inclusive participation of the students with special needs. However, there is a need for more homogeneous studies with a larger sample size that specifically focus on the school context and include the involvement of occupational therapists in order to replicate the findings obtained.

Influence of the Therapeutic Alliance on the Rehabilitation of Stroke: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

The therapeutic alliance is a fundamental component of rehabilitation in order to achieve effective outcomes. However, what develops, maintains or hinders this relationship has not been sufficiently explored. The aim of this systematic review is to recognize the role of the therapeutic alliance in the neurological rehabilitation process. A search for articles was carried out in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, OTseeker and Dialnet. They were selected according to the eligibility criteria. Internal quality assessment of the articles was measured with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (ID 346523). The search in the databases identified 1596 articles, from which 9 different studies were finally included in the systematic review, reflecting the limitations of studies in this field. All studies are qualitative, from the point of view of the patients themselves, their relatives and healthcare professionals. The total sample of the included studies is 182 participants (96 health professionals, 76 users and 10 relatives). Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and written reflections were mainly used to collect the data. In conclusion, the therapeutic alliance can be an active component in the post-stroke rehabilitation process. Being recognized as a person, collaboration with the therapeutic team, empathy, empowerment, confidence, professional skills, maintenance of hope and the role of the family have been identified as aspects that can have an influence on the therapeutic alliance.

Variation in Susceptibility to Downy Mildew Infection in Spanish Minority Vine Varieties.

Downy mildew is one of the most destructive diseases affecting grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Berk. and Curt.) Berl. and de Toni, it can appear anywhere where vines are cultivated. It is habitually controlled by the application of phytosanitary agents (copper-based or systemic) at different stages of the vine growth cycle. This, however, is costly, can lead to reduced yields, has a considerable environmental impact, and its overuse close to harvest can cause fermentation problems. All grapevines are susceptible to this disease, although the degree of susceptibility differs between varieties. Market demands and European legislation on viticulture and the use of phytosanitary agents (art. 14 of Directive 128/2009/EC) now make it important to know the sensitivity of all available varieties, including minority varieties. Such knowledge allows for a more appropriate use of phytosanitary agents, fosters the commercial use of these varieties and thus increases the offer of wines associated with different terroirs, and helps identify material for use in crop improvement programmes via crossing or genetic transformation, etc. Over 2020-2021, the susceptibility to P. viticola of 63 minority vine varieties from different regions of Spain was examined in the laboratory using the leaf disc technique. Some 87% of these varieties were highly susceptible and 11% moderately susceptible; just 2% showed low susceptibility. The least susceptible of all was the variety Morate (Madrid, IMIDRA). Those showing intermediate susceptibility included the varieties Sanguina (Castilla la Mancha, IVICAM), Planta Mula (Comunidad Valenciana, ITVE), Rayada Melonera (Madrid, IMIDRA), Zamarrica (Galicia, EVEGA), Cariñena Roja (Cataluña, INCAVI), Mandrègue (Aragón, DGA) and Bastardo Blanco (Extremadura, CICYTEX). The highly susceptible varieties could be differentiated into three subgroups depending on sporulation severity and density.

Quality of life in adult patients using dialyzable leukocyte extract for allergic rhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) has considerable impact on the general health of individuals. Therefore, treatment trials should include an evaluation of quality of life. We aimed to determine changes in the quality of life of moderate/severe AR patients treated with standard treatment in addition to dialyzable leukocyte extract (DLE), a peptide-based immunomodulator. In a prospective, non-controlled trial, DLE was added to the standard treatment regimen for patients with moderate/severe AR. DLE was administered orally at 2 mg per day for 5 days, followed by 4 mg per week for 5 weeks, and then 2 mg per week for 5 weeks. The primary endpoints were overall improved Standardized Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores, domain scores, and individual item scores of 0.5 points or higher. Statistical significance was defined as P < .05. Thirty patients (50% female) aged 14 to 60 years old (33.4 ± 11.9) were enrolled in this study. The mean overall basal quality of life score was 3.41 ± 1.22. After 11 weeks, the mean RQLQ score was 1.74 ± 1.09 ( P < .0001; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.33), and all the domain scores improved (daily activities P < .001, 95% CI 0.91-2.15, sleep P < .001, 95% CI 0.9-2.26, non-hay fever symptoms P = .001, 95% CI 0.51-1.82, practical problems P < .001, 95% CI 1.55-2.85, nasal symptoms P < .001, 95% CI 1.36-2.67, ocular symptoms P < .001, 95% CI 1.05-2.17, emotional P < .001, 95% CI 1.23-2.55). Each of the 28 individual item scores on the RQLQ showed clinical (minimal important difference [MID] ≥ 0.5) and statistical ( P < .05) improvements. DLE might be a beneficial adjuvant treatment for AR. Our results provide preliminary data for future research. Clinical trials registration ID: NCT02506998.

Biomechanical Assessments in Woodwind Musicians: A Systematic Review.

Biomechanical methods are frequently used to provide information about the kinematics and kinetics of posture and movement during musical performance. The aim of this review was to identify and analyze the biomechanical methods performed on woodwind musicians to understand their musculoskeletal demands. A systemic review was carried out following the guidelines of the document Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). It was registered in PROSPERO (code 430304).The databases PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science were consulted between January 2000 and March 2022. The search in the databases identified 1625 articles, and 16 different studies were finally included in the review, with a sample size of 390 participants. Pressure sensors, surface electromyography, infrared thermography, goniometry in two dimensions, and ultrasound topometry in three dimensions were biomechanical methods useful to broaden the knowledge of musculoskeletal demands during musical practice. Piezoresistive pressure sensors were the most widely used method. The great heterogeneity of the studies limited the comparability of the results. The findings raised the need to increase both the quantity and the quality of studies in future research.

Overweight and Obesity in Brazilian Immigrants in Massachusetts, USA: A Time Series Analysis (2009-2020).

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is considered a growing public health problem by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and a global epidemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated the prevalence of adult obesity at 31.9% in the USA. The USA is one of the main destinations for Brazilian immigrants in search of better living conditions, and Massachusetts is one of the states with the highest presence of Brazilians. Changes in lifestyle and eating habits are often associated with increases in overweight and obesity in immigrants in the USA, especially Hispanics, an official classification that does not, however, include Brazilians. The aim of this study was to describe the temporal trend of overweight and obesity in Brazilian immigrants assisted by the Cambridge Health Alliance (CHA) healthcare network in Massachusetts. METHODS: This was an ecological time series study of 128,206 records of Brazilians aged between 18 and 60 years based on hospital data from 2009 to 2020. RESULTS: Mean age was 38.9 (SD = 10.6), and 61% of the sample were women. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 38.4% and 25.4%, respectively. Obesity exhibited an increasing trend, while eutrophy and overweight decreased during the study period. CONCLUSION: As little is known about the health of Brazilian immigrants in the USA, this study contributes to the literature on the subject. The observed increasing trends agree with the worldwide increase in obesity and indicate the need for future research exploring individual factors associated with immigrant acculturation.

Psychometric Properties of an Instrument for Assessing University Administrators' Knowledge on Gender-Based Violence / Propiedades Psicométricas de un Instrumento para Evaluar el Conocimiento de los Administradores Universitarios sobre la Violencia de Género / Propriedades psicométricas de um instrumento de avaliação do conhecimento de gestores sobre violência de gênero na universidade

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the factorial structure of the instrument measuring university administrators' knowledge of gender-based violence. Methods: This cross-sectional methodological study was conducted from August to November 2020 with 101 university administrators. Data on demographic and functional characteristics were collected, and the "QUEST VBG UNIV" instrument was applied. Descriptive analysis was performed, the structure of the questionnaire was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the stability of the factors was verified through ORION and FDI tests. Results: Of the original 38 items across the 4 sections of the questionnaire, 19 were retained within 2 factors, with appropriate factor loadings. Factor 1 had an explained variance of 15.69%, and Factor 2 had an explained variance of 9.10%. The reliability was deemed satisfactory (ORION > 0.900, FDI > 0.900). Conclusions: The questionnaire presented a valid and reliable factorial structure for measuring knowledge about gender-based violence, thereby representing a suitable option for situational assessments in universities.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la estructura factorial del instrumento que mide el conocimiento de los administradores universitarios sobre la violencia de género. Métodos: Estudio metodológico transversal se llevó a cabo de agosto a noviembre de 2020 con 101 administradores universitarios. Se recogieron datos sobre características demográficas y funcionales, y se aplicó el instrumento "QUEST VBG UNIV". Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, se evaluó la estructura del cuestionario utilizando análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), y se verificó la estabilidad de los factores a través de las pruebas ORION y FDI. Resultados: De los 38 ítems originales en las 4 secciones del cuestionario, se retuvieron 19 en 2 factores, con cargas factoriales adecuadas. El Factor 1 tuvo una varianza explicada del 15.69%, y el Factor 2 una varianza explicada del 9.10%. Se consideró que la fiabilidad era satisfactoria (ORION > 0.900, FDI > 0.900). Conclusiones: El cuestionario es una herramienta válida y confiable para medir el conocimiento sobre la violencia de género en las universidades.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a estrutura fatorial do instrumento de medição do conhecimento de gestores sobre violência de gênero na universidade. Métodos: Estudo transversal de caráter metodológico, realizado no período de agosto a novembro de 2020 com 101 gestores universitários. Foram coletados dados sobre características demográficas e funcionais, e o instrumento "QUEST VBG UNIV" foi aplicado. Realizou-se análise descritiva, avaliação da estrutura do questionário usando análise fatorial exploratória (AFE), e verificação da estabilidade dos fatores pelos testes ORION e FDI. Resultados: Dos 38 itens originais das 4 seções do questionário, 19 foram retidos em 2 fatores, com cargas fatoriais adequadas. O Fator 1 teve variância explicada de 15,69%, e o Fator 2 de 9,10%. A confiabilidade foi considerada satisfatória (ORION > 0,900, FDI > 0,900). Conclusões: O questionário apresentou estrutura fatorial válida e confiável para mensurar o conhecimento sobre violência de gênero, representando uma opção adequada para avaliações situacionais em universidades.

Factors associated with visual function among computer-based administrative workers: a Brazilian cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Several studies have shown that eye and vision problems are among the most significant issues reported by individuals who use computers at work. Objectives: To investigate individual and occupational environmental factors associated with visual function among workers who perform computer-based administrative tasks. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2014-2015 with 303 workers of a public hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The participants answered a structured questionnaire, including the 25-Item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire. Statistical analyses used descriptive analysis, tests of association and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Most participants were female (61.1%); the mean age was 46.0 (standard deviation [SD]) ± 12.5, and approximately 91.7% of them reported wearing corrective lenses. Regarding visual function, the mean score at the 25-Item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire was 78.0, SD ±7.1. A regression analysis showed that visual function declined with age (ß -0.218; 95%CI -0.276--0.16l) and effort at work (ß -0.656; 95%CI -0.928--0.383). Conclusions: The mean quality of visual health in the studied group was good. The younger the age and the lower the effort at work, the better the visual function. Our results point to the relevance of establishing periodical and preventive health actions, including eye health assessments.

Introdução: Vários estudos mostraram que os problemas oculares e visuais são distúrbios importantes relatados por usuários de computador. Objetivos: Investigar os fatores ambientais individuais e ocupacionais associados à função visual em trabalhadores administrativos usuários de computador. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 2014-2015, com 303 trabalhadores de um hospital público da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Os participantes responderam a um questionário estruturado, incluindo o Questionário de Função Visual do National Eye Institute de 25 Itens. A análise estatística utilizou variáveis descritivas e qualitativas e uma análise de regressão linear múltipla. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (61,1%); a média de idade era de 46,0 (desvio-padrão) ± 12,5, aproximadamente 91,7% deles relataram o uso de lentes corretivas. O escore médio do Questionário de Função Visual do National Eye Institute de 25 Itens foi de 78,0 desvios padrão ± 7,1. A análise de regressão mostrou que a função visual diminuiu com o aumento da idade (ß −0,218; IC95% −0,276--0,161) e esforços no trabalho (ß −0,656; IC95% −0,928--0,383). Conclusões: A qualidade média da saúde visual era boa no grupo. A função visual era melhor entre os mais jovens e com percepção de menor esforço no trabalho. Os resultados apontam para a relevância de manter ações periódicas, como a avaliação da saúde ocular.

Impact of TiO2 Reduction and Cu Doping on Bacteria Inactivation under Artificial Solar Light Irradiation.

Preparation of TiO2 using the hydrothermal treatment in NH4OH solution and subsequent thermal heating at 500-700 °C in Ar was performed in order to introduce some titania surface defects. The highest amount of oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ surface defects were observed for a sample heat-treated at 500 °C. The presence of these surface defects enhanced photocatalytic properties of titania towards the deactivation of two bacteria species, E. coli and S. epidermidis, under artificial solar lamp irradiation. Further modification of TiO2 was targeted towards the doping of Cu species. Cu doping was realized through the impregnation of the titania surface by Cu species supplied from various copper salts in an aqueous solution and the subsequent heating at 500 °C in Ar. The following precursors were used as a source of Cu: CuSO4, CuNO3 or Cu(CH3COO)2. Cu doping was performed for raw TiO2 after a hydrothermal process with and without NH4OH addition. The obtained results indicate that Cu species were deposited on the titania surface defects in the case of reduced TiO2, but on the TiO2 without NH4OH modification, Cu species were attached through the titania adsorbed hydroxyl groups. Cu doping on TiO2 increased the absorption of light in the visible range. Rapid inactivation of E. coli within 30 min was obtained for the ammonia-reduced TiO2 heated at 500 °C and TiO2 doped with Cu from CuSO4 solution. Photocatalytic deactivation of S. epidermidis was greatly enhanced through Cu doping on TiO2. Impregnation of TiO2 with CuSO4 was the most effective for inactivation of both E. coli and S. epidermidis.

The Influence of NH4NO3 and NH4ClO4 on Porous Structure Development of Activated Carbons Produced from Furfuryl Alcohol.

The influence of NH4NO3 and NH4ClO4 on the porous texture and structure development of activated carbons produced from a non-porous polymeric precursor synthesized from furfuryl alcohol has been studied. The non-doped counterparts were prepared and studied for comparison purposes. NH4NO3 and NH4ClO4-doped polymers were carbonized under N2 atmosphere at 600 °C, followed by CO2 activation at 1000 °C and the obtained carbon materials and activated carbons were thoroughly characterized. The porosity characterization data have shown that NH4NO3-derived ACs present the highest specific surface area (up to 1523 m2/g in the experimental conditions studied), and the resulting porosity distributions are strongly dependent on the activation conditions. Thus, 1 h activation is optimum for the microporosity development, whereas larger activation times lead to micropores enlargement and conversion into mesopores. The type of doping salts used also has a substantial impact on the surface chemical composition, i.e., C=O groups. Moreover, NH4NO3 and NH4ClO4 constitute good sources of nitrogen. The type and contribution of nitrogen species are dependent on the preparation conditions. Quaternary nitrogen only appears in doped samples prepared by carbonization and pyrrolic, pyrydinic, and nitrogen oxide groups appear in the NH4NO3 -series. NH4NO3 incorporation has led to optimized materials towards CO2 and C2H4 sorption with just 1 h activation time.

Working conditions are associated with the occurrence of sleepiness of nursing professionals: a case-control study.

Objectives: To identify the factors associated with the occurrence of sleepiness among nursing professionals. Material and Methods: A case-control study nested in a cross-sectional one, conducted with 364 controls and 121 cases. Data on demographic and occupational characteristics were collected, as well as about lifestyle, physical and psychosocial work environment and somnolence. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: The independent factors associated with the presence of sleepiness were as follows: imbalance between efforts and rewards (ORa=3.81; p<0.001), high overcommitment (ORa=3.20; p<0.001), workload equal to or greater than 45 hours a week (ORa=2.30; p=0.001), situations that can generate pain/injury with moderate or high exposure (ORa=1.85; p=0.037), and night work (ORa=1.71; p=0.038). The model was adjusted by gender and age group. Conclusion: Individual and historical-occupational characteristics and, mainly, those related to the physical and psychosocial work environment, were associated with the occurrence of sleepiness. Public and institutional preventive policies must include improvements in the conditions of the physical and psychosocial work environment, as well as strengthening of the individual resources.

Bilateral vertebral arteries arising distal to the left subclavian artery: embryological and anatomical description.

Abnormalities in the origin of vertebral arteries are relatively uncommon, but extremely rare when this abnormality happens on both sides. We present an anatomic variation in which both vertebral arteries came from the proximal descending thoracic aorta beyond the left subclavian artery with no other supra-aortic vessels accompanying the abnormality. The right vertebral artery took a retro-oesophageal course (lusoria artery), while the right and the left vertebral arteries enter the transverse foramina at the 7th cervical vertebra. From an embryological point of view, and overall controversial, this anomaly can be explained by the bilateral persistence of the 8th intersegmental artery as the origin of vertebral artery, instead of the dorsal segment of the 7th intersegmental artery being the origin, which is normally the case. The adequate identification of vertebral artery anomalies in complementary explorations is very important to avoid misdiagnosed vertebral occlusions or unexpected vertebral artery injuries during supra-aortic trunks, thyroid, and oesophagus open surgeries, among others, or even over the course of endovascular procedures.